Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health
The critical role that physical activity plays in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, obesity, certain cancers, osteoporosis and other debilitating conditions is undisputed. Moreover, it is critical in maintaining functional fitness, capacity and independent living throughout older adulthood. Yet fully two-thirds of Canadians are insufficiently active to benefit their health. Of particular concern in an aging population, physical activity levels among older adults remain critically low, with fewer than one third of Canadians aged 45 to 64 years and less than one quarter aged 65 years and older being considered active.
Poor eating habits and rising high levels of obesity are pressing national health concerns which are associated with a wide range of chronic diseases and conditions. In addition, older adults are at increased risk of inadequate diets and malnutrition. Malnutrition can reduce functional capacity, decrease immunity, slow the healing process and increase the risk of health complications.
When poor nutrition leads to major health problems such as these, the burden on the health care system is substantial, involving longer hospital stays and extended professional and other care in the home.